Yadda za a haɓaka ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar hasken rana?

Yadda za a haɓaka ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar hasken rana ?

Hanyar lissafin ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki ta hasken rana shine kamar haka:

Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na shekara-shekara = jimlar matsakaicin matsakaicin hasken rana na shekara * jimlar yankin cell ɗin rana * ingantaccen canjin hoto

Duk da haka, saboda dalilai daban-daban, samar da wutar lantarki na masu amfani da hasken rana ba shi da yawa.

Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na shekara-shekara na ainihi = ƙirar wutar lantarki na shekara-shekara * ingantaccen ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki

To mene ne abubuwan da suka shafi samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar hasken rana, bari mu gano!

1. Yawan hasken rana

Hasken rana na'ura ce da ke canza makamashin hasken rana zuwa makamashin lantarki, kuma tsananin hasken hasken yana shafar adadin wutar da ake samu kai tsaye. Ana iya samun bayanan hasken rana na kowane yanki ta hanyar gidan yanar gizon tambayar meteorological na NASA, ko kuma tare da taimakon software na ƙirar hasken rana kamar PV-SYS da RETSscreen.

2. The karkata kwana na solar panel

Bayanan da aka samu daga tashar yanayin gabaɗaya shine adadin hasken rana a kan jirgin sama a kwance, wanda za'a iya canza shi zuwa adadin hasken da ke kan jirgin da ke karkata zuwa tsarin hasken rana don ƙididdige ƙarfin wutar lantarki na tsarin hasken rana. Mafi kyawun karkata yana da alaƙa da latitude na wurin aikin. Kimanin ƙimar gwaninta sune kamar haka:

A. Latitude 0°～25°, kusurwar karkarwa daidai yake da latitude

B. Latitude yana da 26° ~ 40°, kuma abin da ake nufi yana daidai da latitude da 5°～10°

C. Latitude shine 41 ° ~ 55 °, kuma karkata yana daidai da latitude da 10 ° ~ 15 °

3. Canjin canjin yanayin hasken rana

na'urorin hasken rana sune mafi mahimmancin abin da ke shafar samar da wutar lantarki. A Fabrairu 5, 2015, da Janar Department of National Energy Administration bayar da 'Wasika a kan neman ra'ayi a kan Playing da Market Role don inganta hasken rana Technology ci gaba da kuma masana'antu Hažaka ', wanda ya kayyade cewa tun 2015, da hasken rana kayayyaki da kuma Grid-da alaka inverter kayayyakin kamata hadu da bukatun na dacewa Manuniya na masana'antu don haka. Daga cikin su, ingantaccen juzu'i na polycrystalline silicon hasken rana panel bai zama ƙasa da 15.5% ba, kuma ingantaccen juzu'i na rukunin hasken rana na monocrystalline silicon ba kasa da 16%. A halin yanzu, ingantaccen juzu'i na samfuran siliki na polycrystalline na samfuran layi na farko akan kasuwa gabaɗaya sama da 16%, kuma ingantaccen juzu'i na silicon monocrystalline gabaɗaya sama da 17%.

4. Rashin Tsarin

Kamar kowane samfuri, masu amfani da hasken rana suna da tsawon rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 25, ingancin kayan aiki da aikin kayan aikin lantarki zai ragu sannu a hankali, kuma samar da wutar lantarki zai ragu kowace shekara. Baya ga waɗannan abubuwan tsufa na halitta, akwai kuma abubuwa daban-daban kamar ingancin abubuwan da aka gyara da inverters, tsarin kewayawa, ƙura, asarar layi-layi, da asarar kebul.

A cikin tsarin kuɗi na babban tashar wutar lantarki ta hasken rana, samar da wutar lantarki na tsarin yana raguwa da kusan 5% a cikin shekaru uku, kuma samar da wutar lantarki ya ragu zuwa 80% bayan shekaru 20.

( 1) . Haɓaka hasara

Duk wani haɗin yanar gizo zai haifar da hasara na yanzu saboda bambancin abubuwan da ke yanzu; haɗin layi ɗaya zai haifar da asarar wutar lantarki saboda bambancin ƙarfin lantarki na abubuwan da aka gyara; and the combined loss can reach more than 8%, and the China Engineering Construction Standardization Association standard stipulates that it is less than 10%.

Don haka, don rage asarar haɗin gwiwa, ya kamata a kula da:

1) Abubuwan da ke da halin yanzu ya kamata a zaba su sosai kuma a haɗa su a jere kafin shigar da tashar wutar lantarki.

2) Halayen attenuation na abubuwan da aka gyara sun kasance daidai kamar yadda zai yiwu.

( 2) . Rufe kura

Daga cikin dukkan abubuwa daban-daban da suka shafi gaba dayan karfin samar da wutar lantarki na masana'antar hasken rana, kura ita ce kisa ta daya. Babban tasirin masana'antar wutar lantarki ta hasken rana sune:

1) Ta hanyar shading hasken da ya kai ga tsarin, ta haka ya shafi wutar lantarki;

2) Tasirin zafi mai zafi, ta haka yana tasiri yadda ya dace;

3) Kurar da ke tattare da acidity da alkalinity ana ajiyewa a saman tsarin na'urar na dogon lokaci, wanda hakan ke zubar da saman allo kuma ya sa saman allon ya zama mara kyau da rashin daidaituwa, wanda zai iya haifar da ci gaba da tara ƙura kuma yana ƙara bayyanar hasken rana.

Don haka, abubuwan da aka gyara suna buƙatar gogewa daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. A halin yanzu, tsaftace tashoshin wutar lantarki na hasken rana ya ƙunshi hanyoyi guda uku: yayyafa, tsaftacewa da hannu, da kuma mutum-mutumi.

( 3) . Halayen zafin jiki

Lokacin da zafin jiki ya tashi da 1 ℃, da crystalline silicon solar cell: matsakaicin fitarwa ikon ragewa da 0.04%, da bude kewaye irin ƙarfin lantarki rage da 0.04% (-2mv / ℃), da kuma gajeren kewaye halin yanzu yana ƙaruwa da 0.04%. Don rage tasirin zafin jiki akan samar da wutar lantarki, samfuran ya kamata su kasance da iska sosai.

( 4) . Layi da asarar wutar lantarki

Ya kamata a sarrafa asarar layin DC da AC na tsarin a cikin 5%. A saboda wannan dalili, ya kamata a yi amfani da waya mai kyau na lantarki a cikin zane, kuma waya yana buƙatar samun isasshen diamita. Yayin kiyaye tsarin, ya kamata a biya kulawa ta musamman ga ko masu haɗin kai da tashoshi suna da ƙarfi.

( 5) . Inverter inganci

Saboda kasancewar inductor, transfoma, da na'urorin wuta kamar IGBTs da MOSFETs, inverter zai haifar da asara yayin aiki. Babban inverter inverter na gabaɗaya shine 97-98%, ingantaccen inverter na tsakiya shine 98%, kuma ingancin wutar lantarki shine 99%.

( 6) . Inuwa da murfin dusar ƙanƙara

A cikin tashar wutar lantarki da aka rarraba, idan akwai dogayen gine-gine a kusa da su, zai haifar da inuwa ga abubuwan da aka gyara, kuma ya kamata a kauce masa kamar yadda zai yiwu a cikin zane. Bisa ga ka'idar kewayawa, lokacin da aka haɗa abubuwan da aka haɗa a cikin jerin, ana ƙayyade halin yanzu ta hanyar mafi ƙarancin toshe, don haka idan akwai inuwa a kan shinge guda ɗaya, zai shafi samar da wutar lantarki na sassan. Lokacin da akwai dusar ƙanƙara a kan abubuwan da aka gyara, zai kuma shafi samar da wutar lantarki kuma dole ne a cire shi da wuri-wuri.